Superando las trampas de la memoria: 23 aportes para declaraciones en casos de violencia sexual

Abstract

In Latin America, between 5% and 15% of women have suffered sexual violence. However, given the nature of the crime, in these situations there is often no material evidence, so witness statements take on special importance. However, Psychology has identified that memories can be subject to different distortions. Following the insights provided by scientific research, it is possible to obtain credible statements that contribute to justice. In this framework, this work proposes specific contributions for the collection of witness statements in cases of sexual violence, based on a systematic review -based on PRISMA criteria- of the best evidence on psychology of memory and psychology of testimony from the last ten years, to ensure transparency, objectivity and reproducibility. A total of 37 studies were obtained and used to develop specific inputs applicable to the collection of statements in cases of sexual violence. We argue that by improving the accuracy of the assessing the credibility of victim and witness statements in cases of sexual violence, we could reduce the risk of disbelieving real victims and/or wrongfully convicting innocent people.