Psicoperspectivas

Sexual harassment at work against women: an integrative literature review

2025-04-04T01:04:16-03:00

Sexual harassment in the workplace includes unwanted gender-related behavior that the affected person considers offensive or threatening. This research compiled and characterized the main findings of empirical studies on sexual harassment in the workplace against women. Articles in Portuguese, English, or Spanish were searched in the Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, and Lilacs databases, published between 2013 and 2022. We selected 58 articles for analysis. Sexual harassment is a prevalent form of violence in the workplace, with women being the main victims. The most common forms are gender-based and verbal harassment, which are particularly prevalent in environments with greater power imbalances. The healthcare sector has high rates of victimization. The consequences of this violence affect the mental and physical health of victims. Fear of reprisals, of being harmed, of losing one's job, or of believing that nothing will be done about it are associated with low reporting rates. Few studies focus on interventions, and there is a reported lack of anti-harassment policies and formal guidelines or procedures for reporting and combating it.

Jerarquías de género en la educación científica: concepciones y prácticas del profesorado formador de formadores

2025-06-20T18:18:27-04:00

El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar las jerarquías de género en las concepciones sobre el género y la educación científica, así como en las prácticas de enseñanza del profesorado Formador de Formadores (FdF). La investigación se lleva a cabo desde un enfoque cualitativo y se concreta en un estudio de casos en profundidad. Los casos de estudio consisten en cuatro FdF, reconocidos por la comunidad académica por ser sensibles a las temáticas de género en la educación científica. Se desarrollaron entrevistas, que contemplan el uso de un dilema pedagógico. Se realizó un análisis dialógico del discurso (ADD). Los resultados indican que el profesorado FdF posiciona sus concepciones desde las visiones de equidad y pluralidad, lo que da cuenta de un proceso reflexivo acerca de su enseñanza. Esto podría tener implicancias en la generación de prácticas educativas que promuevan espacios educativos que atiendan a la diversidad e inclusión.

Illicit lives: Transphobia and homelessness in São Paulo, Brazil

2025-07-07T11:53:09-04:00

This study investigates the intersection between transphobia and homelessness in São Paulo, highlighting how these realities intertwine to intensify the vulnerability of trans individuals. The research began with the recognition of the heterogeneity of the Homeless Population (HP), as stipulated by Brazilian Decree No. 7,053, which addresses not only collective demands, such as extreme poverty and lack of regular housing, but also specificities related to gender and sexuality. From an intersectional perspective, we sought to understand how experiences of social exclusion, dehumanization, and precariousness manifest themselves in the lives of transgender people in SR. The analysis revealed that cisgenderism, as a system of privileges, contributes to the marginalization and violence directed at individuals who disobey traditional gender norms. Additionally, we examined the dynamics of resistance and daily coping that transgender men and women adopt in response to these adversities, both on the streets and in Community Centers for the Homeless Adult Population. This research pointed to the urgent need for more inclusive public policies that consider the specificities of the transgender population, aiming to promote human rights and build a more just and equitable society.

Technology and algorithmic governance: social and political transformations in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

2025-07-12T00:29:04-04:00

What do such diverse phenomena as new international education policies, the creation of health protocols, the rise of digitalized work platforms in the context of 21st-century labor transformations, and the implementation of epidemiological surveillance systems during the COVID-19 pandemic in countries such as Spain and Chile share in their underlying logic? This is not simply a matter of the technification of life, but rather an epistemic and political mutation: the emergence, in Foucauldian terms, of a regime of truth where reality is filtered, produced, and governed by data. This is not just a technical issue, but a transformation in the ways of exercising power, governing populations, producing knowledge, and constituting subjectivities. This Thematic Section responds to the challenges of social transformations brought about by the algorithmic event. The articles we present offer a global vision that condenses current sensibilities around algorithms and artificial intelligence, their implications in terms of social management, and their effects on different areas of our daily reality, analyzing different aspects and characteristics of what a society constituted by the action of the aforementioned algorithms, artificial intelligence, and datafication would be like.

Distant Attractors: Mechanisms of Acceleration and Temporal Governance under Neoliberal and Algorithmic Rationality

2025-05-05T01:28:19-04:00

This study examines temporal experience as an object of governance and a critical element in the processes of subjectivation within the framework of neoliberal and algorithmic rationality. A Foucauldian discourse analysis is employed, focusing on the concept of the experience focal point, which facilitates the examination of systems of veridiction, governmental procedures, and practices of the self that shape experiences of temporal governance. A series of acceleration mechanisms, termed "Distant Attractors," are identified. Assisted by artificial intelligences, these mechanisms streamline and remove obstacles to the free movement of cognitions (generative attractors simulating thought), bodies and commodities (mobility attractors), leisure-associated content (entertainment attractors), and social or affective interactions, such as romantic and friendly encounters (socio-affective attractors). The rationality underpinning these attractors, rooted in temporal optimization, fosters a desirability for acceleration and apathy toward slowness. The study concludes that acceleration is a characteristic feature of the temporal regimes of modern societies. However, it is a misconception to regard acceleration as inherently neoliberal. What is unique to neoliberal rationality is a specific mode of acceleration: the boundless self-acceleration of the internalized (entrepreneurial) machine, which becomes more pervasive when coupled with the use of distant attractors.

Narratives of risk, trust and responsibility in the use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI): a case study of young Mexican students

2025-06-09T02:17:52-04:00

Social individualization becomes more radical through the use of technology. According to contemporary sociology (Beck, Luhmann, and Giddens), individuals are increasingly inclined to reflect on the responsibility of their decisions, as they must address social, environmental, economic, political, legal, and now technological risks at a personal level. Their trust is therefore in constant crisis. This study asks how young students approach their individualization in the face of Generative Artificial Intelligence (IAg) by examining three analytical dimensions: risk (Beck), trust (Luhmann), and responsibility (Giddens).To answer this question, 220 qualitative questionnaires and 10 semi-structured interviews were conducted with Mexican students (aged 18–24) from public and private universities and high schools in Mexico City. A thematic content analysis of the resulting data yielded three main conclusions: (1) dependence and the loss of autonomy emerge as major risks, (2) distrust of AI arises as a new system of certainty, and (3) responsibility regarding IAg takes shape as a social pact.

Algorithmic governmentality, artificial intelligence and dissidence practices in LATAM

2025-06-20T08:16:36-04:00

Recently, in analyzing the social implications of the widespread implementation of artificial intelligence in our daily lives, questions have arisen about the ways in which we can resist it. Some authors propose ethical and moral reflections. Others analyze the type of regulations that should be imposed on its use. This research takes a different line of thinking. It aims to analyze how certain communities are emerging and operating that deploy practices of resistance and dissent against algorithmic systems. In this sense, it presents an analysis of the relationships between algorithms, power, and dissent developed by different social groups in the so-called Global South or Latin America. It describes how these groups operate, especially in the virtual realm, and how they organize to mobilize citizens. Drawing on contributions from the sociology of translation, it shows how a process of problematization, interest, and enrollment unfolds, with the aim of creating increasingly broad and articulated transnational communities of resistance.

Bodies in performance: technology, self-tracking, and work-family balance in high-performing academic women

2025-04-20T19:49:09-04:00

The growing incorporation of smart technologies into professional life has transformed the way work, family, and performance are balanced, especially among high-performing female academics. This article examines the use of portable technologies in this segment, analyzing their impact on everyday experience, productivity, and work-family balance, to examine the tensions that arise in relation to the use of portable technologies to manage work-family balance, based on the embodied experience of high-performing female academics. From a critical technology studies approach, it problematizes how these tools, far from being neutral, reinforce bodily, affective, and gender norms. Forty Chilean women who led FONDECYT Regular projects between 2020 and 2024 were interviewed. The technique used to gather information was active interviewing, which was then analyzed through content analysis. The results argue that self-tracking can act as a technology of control and self-demand, although it also enables forms of reappropriation and resistance. The article proposes the critical use of technologies to view work-life balance not as an individual problem, but as a structural tension that requires institutional and cultural transformations.

The Psychology of technology in the age of Artificial Intelligence

2025-07-03T13:09:12-04:00

The advance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in our societies seems resounding and unstoppable. In this context, Humanities and Social Sciences must question the theoretical and methodological foundations of their own disciplines. In Psychology, the American Psychological Association (APA) has developed a series of initiatives from which have emerged the Psychology of Technology. In this paper, we explore how the APA understands and promotes a specific way of conceptualizing the relationships established between psychology and technology, applying thematic content analysis to 36 public domain documents generated by the APA. The main results are: it is asserted that the co-evolutionary intertwining of the psyche and technologies is mainly contemporary, without considering the historical conditions of its emergence; the psyche is conceptualized from a neuroscientific and cognitive-behavioral approach; and, in line with the above, it is argued that the royal road to methodological access to this new field of study is provided by a quantitative assembly of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence that produces a naturalization of digital data.

Teacher Subjectivity and Identity in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

2025-06-02T10:43:56-04:00

The advance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has generated significant transformations in the educational field. The datification and the use of homogenizing and standardizing platforms and devices affect the construction of the teaching subject in the context of algorithmic governmentality. This paper, from a critical approach based on biopolitics and psychopolitics, examines the impact of AI on subjectivity and teacher identity, in order to explore its possible effects on the educational process. With this aim, 18 female university students from the Faculty of Education of the University of Barcelona were interviewed about their experiences and expectations with AI in the learning process. Through a content analysis we identify the main discourses that suggest that AI not only operates as a pedagogical tool, but also as a control device that redefines educational practices and power relations in the educational environment. Finally, we reflect on possible strategies of resistance and reconfiguration of teacher identity in a scenario mediated by intelligent technologies.

Five transitions of algorithmic governmentality in the composition of medical temporality

2025-06-09T02:43:08-04:00

Artificial Intelligence has permeated multiple social scenarios and medicine is no exception. It is part of the recent hopes articulated to address issues related to the temporality of their usual routines. In this paper we analyze five transformations that Artificial Intelligence integrates in the ordering of medical temporality, considering how this is articulated to modifications in the dynamics of power formulated by the notion of algorithmic governmentality. To this end, we rely on a study of the health system in Chile, which considers the development of a multi-sited ethnography based on ministerial scenarios and public and private clinical care. We have produced information through focused ethnographies, news analysis and in-depth interviews with experts and professionals, and configured results based on abductive analysis. The five transitions described consider the algorithmic, iterative, itinerant, interstitial and organismic character of the temporality constituted by scenarios in which Artificial Intelligence participates. We conclude by taking up the link between these transformations in the apprehension of algorithmic governmentality for the medical field.

Neuroalgorithmic governmentality: Artificial Intelligence and the making of neurosubjects

2025-06-09T03:26:26-04:00

In recent years, neurotechnologies have garnered significant interest in academic literature, sparking an important debate on whether their implementation is moral or ethical. In this article, we distance ourselves from this debate to explore the types of relationships that emerge between humans and neurotechnologies. Specifically, our main objective is to investigate the role of artificial intelligence (AI) as a mediator between the human nervous system and neurotechnologies, as well as its implications in terms of governmentality. Through a case study of the Neuralink project, we empirically demonstrate how AI functions by translating the electrical impulses of the nervous system into data, which it subsequently uses to influence the nervous system itself—for instance, in terms of visual perception. We conclude by arguing that this process enables the deployment of a (neuro)algorithmic governmentality that bypasses the need for a conscious subject, as it operates within the realm of our non-conscious cognition.